Cubic Yards Calculator — Free Volume Converter for Concrete, Gravel, Soil & Mulch 2026 | AllInOneTools
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Cubic Yards Calculator

Calculate cubic yards from dimensions or convert between cubic yards, cubic feet, cubic meters, tons, and gallons. Includes material weight estimates for concrete, gravel, soil, mulch, and sand.

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Cubic Yards Calculator: The Complete Guide to Calculating Volume for Construction Materials

The cubic yard is the standard unit of volume in the US construction industry. Whether you're ordering concrete, gravel, soil, mulch, or sand, suppliers sell and deliver in cubic yards. Understanding how to calculate and convert cubic yards is essential for accurate ordering and budgeting. This guide covers every formula, conversion, and practical application.

The Cubic Yards Formula

Cubic Yards = (Length × Width × Depth) ÷ 27

Where all dimensions are in feet.
If depth is in inches: divide by 12 first.

Key Conversions:
1 cubic yard = 27 cubic feet = 46,656 cubic inches
1 cubic yard = 0.7646 cubic meters = 764.55 liters
1 cubic yard = 201.97 US gallons
Worked Example — Gravel Driveway
Driveway: 20 ft long × 12 ft wide × 4 inches deep
Depth in feet: 4 ÷ 12 = 0.333 ft
Volume: 20 × 12 × 0.333 = 80 cu ft
Cubic yards: 80 ÷ 27 = 2.96 cubic yards
Weight (gravel at 1.4 tons/yd³): 2.96 × 1.4 = 4.15 tons

Material Weight per Cubic Yard

MaterialWeight per Yd³Tons per Yd³Typical Cost/Yd³
Concrete4,050 lbs2.03$125–$165
Gravel (crushed)2,800 lbs1.40$25–$50
Sand2,700 lbs1.35$25–$45
Topsoil2,200 lbs1.10$20–$40
Fill Dirt2,300 lbs1.15$10–$25
Mulch (wood)600–800 lbs0.30–0.40$20–$45
Crushed Limestone3,000 lbs1.50$30–$55
Asphalt3,960 lbs1.98$100–$200

Coverage Chart

How much area one cubic yard covers at different depths: at 1 inch = 324 sq ft, 2 inches = 162 sq ft, 3 inches = 108 sq ft, 4 inches = 81 sq ft, 6 inches = 54 sq ft, 12 inches = 27 sq ft. The formula is simple: Coverage = 324 ÷ Depth (inches).

Pro Tip — Always Order Extra
Add 10% to your calculated volume for compaction (gravel, road base), settling (soil, fill), and uneven subgrade. Delivery charges are the same whether you order 2.5 or 3 cubic yards, so rounding up slightly is more cost-effective than paying for a second delivery. Most suppliers have a 1 cubic yard minimum order.

Delivery Truck Capacities

A standard dump truck holds 10–14 cubic yards. A tandem-axle dump truck holds 14–18 cubic yards. A concrete mixer truck holds 8–10 cubic yards. A pickup truck (full-size) holds 1–2 cubic yards of lightweight material (mulch, topsoil) or 0.5–1 cubic yard of heavy material (gravel, sand). Know your truck capacity to determine how many loads you need for delivery.

Cubic Yards vs. Cubic Meters

Outside the US, cubic meters (m³) is the standard volume unit. The conversion is: 1 cubic yard = 0.7646 cubic meters and 1 cubic meter = 1.308 cubic yards. For international material specifications, this conversion is essential. Our calculator converts automatically between all volume units.

Frequently Asked Questions

How do you calculate cubic yards?
Multiply length × width × depth (all in feet) then divide by 27. If depth is in inches, convert to feet first by dividing by 12. Example: 20×10×0.5 ft = 100 cu ft ÷ 27 = 3.7 cubic yards. Always add 10% for waste and compaction.
How many cubic feet in a cubic yard?
Exactly 27. A cubic yard is 3ft × 3ft × 3ft = 27 cubic feet. To convert cu ft to cu yd: divide by 27. To convert cu yd to cu ft: multiply by 27.
How many tons is a cubic yard?
Depends on material: concrete 2.0 tons, gravel 1.4 tons, sand 1.35 tons, topsoil 1.1 tons, mulch 0.3-0.4 tons, fill dirt 1.15 tons, limestone 1.5 tons. Wet material weighs 10-15% more. Always confirm weight with your supplier.
How many cubic yards of concrete do I need?
L×W×D(ft) ÷ 27 + 10% waste. Example: 10×20 ft slab at 4" = 10×20×0.333÷27 = 2.47 + 10% = 2.72 → order 3 cubic yards. One yard costs $125-$165 ready-mix. One yard = 45 bags of 80 lb concrete.
How do I convert cubic yards to gallons?
Multiply cubic yards by 201.974. 1 cu yd = ~202 gallons = ~765 liters. Example: 5 cu yd = 1,010 gallons. Useful for pools, ponds, and water tanks.
How many wheelbarrow loads in a cubic yard?
Standard wheelbarrow (3 cu ft): 9 loads. Large (6 cu ft): 4.5 loads. In practice, plan 10-14 standard loads per yard since you won't fill completely (especially with heavy materials). That's about 1-2 hours of wheelbarrowing per cubic yard.
How much area does a cubic yard cover?
Coverage = 324 ÷ depth (inches). At 1" = 324 sqft, 2" = 162, 3" = 108, 4" = 81, 6" = 54, 12" = 27. This works for all spread materials. For a quick estimate: 1 cubic yard covers about 100 sq ft at 3 inches deep.